Annual precipitation
420 mm/yr
As of 1991-2020 · Climate normals 1991-2020 (WMO / national meteorological services, via Wikipedia climate tables)spain · City evidence profile
Madrid
A transparent profile—not a promise. Low-confidence, estimated and stale values are clearly marked.
Use in my decisionScoring coverage
19/20
current, score-eligible measures
Evidence
Distance to nearest sea / coastline
300 km
As of 2024 · OpenStreetMap coastline — derived distance to seaAverage annual temperature
15 °C
As of 1991-2020 · Climate normals 1991-2020 (WMO / national meteorological services, via Wikipedia climate tables)Annual sunshine hours
2769 hours/yr
As of 1991-2020 · Climate normals 1991-2020 (WMO / national meteorological services, via Wikipedia climate tables)Distance to nearest mountains (>1500 m)
40 km
As of 2024 · Derived distance to mountains (>1500 m), from public elevation/peak dataPublic-transport provision (ordinal proxy)
10 index_0_10
Ordinal: Metro+Cercanias+light rail+very large.
As of 2026-08 · Documented public-transport provision ordinal (rapid-transit systems + city size)Overall tax burden (taxes + social contributions, % of GDP)
37.1 pct_gdp
As of 2024 · Eurostat — Main national accounts tax aggregates (gov_10a_taxag) · inherited from spainHousehold electricity price (band DC, all taxes)
0.2612 EUR/kWh
As of 2025-S1 · Eurostat — Electricity prices for household consumers (nrg_pc_204) · inherited from spainIntentional homicide rate
0.69 per_100k
As of 2022 · Eurostat — Police-recorded offences by category (crim_off_cat) · inherited from spainHealthcare / health outcome (life expectancy at birth)
83.8 years
As of 2023 · Eurostat — Life expectancy at birth (tps00205 / demo_mlexpec) · inherited from spainFixed broadband / internet quality
95 pct_hh_vhcn
Fixed VHCN household coverage % (isoc_cbt).
As of 2024 · Eurostat — Broadband internet coverage by technology (isoc_cbt) · inherited from spainEnglish / language accessibility
56.3 index
>=1 foreign lang known 2022 (English dominant); language-access proxy.
As of 2022 · Eurostat — Number of foreign languages known, self-reported (edat_aes_l21) · inherited from spainNet annual earnings (single, no children)
25262.74 EUR/yr
As of 2025 · Eurostat — Annual net earnings (earn_nt_net) · inherited from spainSeismic hazard (ordinal 0 very-low to 4 high)
1 index_0_4
As of 2020 · EFEHR / ESHM20 — European Seismic Hazard Model 2020Distance to nearest major international airport
12 km
As of 2024 · OurAirports — airport locationsMonthly rent, 1-bedroom, city centre
770 EUR/mo ±39
SERPAVI Madrid municipality median 14.0 €/m² ×55. Basis contract-median (tax records). Deloitte's asking-based figure is ~€1,490 — the contract-vs-asking gap; a new central 1-bed runs above 770.
As of 2024 · Ministerio de Vivienda y Agenda Urbana — SERPAVI (Sistema Estatal de Referencia del Precio del Alquiler de Vivienda), municipal median €/m²/monthComparative price level (household consumption)
91.3 index_eu27=100
As of 2024 · Eurostat — Price level indices, household final consumption (tec00120 / prc_ppp_ind_1) · inherited from spainIncome level — GNI per capita, PPP (gross)
59830 intl$_ppp
Gross GNI per capita, PPP; not net take-home salary
As of 2025 · World Bank — GNI per capita, PPP (NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD) · inherited from spainAir quality — annual mean PM2.5
8.9 ug/m3
EEA European city air quality ranking, 2-year mean. Overrides ES country baseline (11.17).
As of 2023-2024 · EEA — European city air quality ranking, annual mean PM2.5 (2-year mean)